The argument of whether God exists or not Essay Example for Free

The argument of whether God exists or not Essay The argument of whether God exists or not is a long debated argument spanning the centuries. In David Humes Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion this topic is addressed through a dialogue and debate between Humes fictional characters Cleanthes and Philo. Cleanthes presents the argument that Gods existence can be confirmed to man and presents this argument in the form of the Argument from Design. Philo then offers several objections as to why this argument fails. This paper will discuss Cleanthes Argument from Design and detail Philos criticism of Cleanthes stance. This criticism will include the analogy related to the inference of Gods existence based on observation of our universe as well as Philos criticism that spontaneous order found by generation and vegetation fail to support evidence of a creator. To lend further support to Philos argument, it is important to determine if the universe is, in fact, in a state of order, and whether or not God, being generally accepted as mysterious and unknowable by the religious, is absolutely knowable through inference as suggested by Cleanthes. These arguments presented by Philo lend support to why the Argument from Design fails. David Hume presents through his character, Cleanthes, the argument that the nature and existence of God can be proven through inference based on observation of our universe. Cleanthes attempts to prove this in his Argument from Design, which states that by witnessing the natural beauty and orderliness of the universe, its complexity and intricacy, that we can infer assuredly that a supreme designer created the universe. To further clarify, as found in the online encyclopedia concerning this argument, Wikipedia states, Although there are variations, the basic argument can be stated as follows: 1) Every design has a designer; 2) The universe has highly complex design; 3) Therefore, the universe has a Designer (Wikipedia, Section: Argument, par 4). Cleanthes stance is that the nature and existence of God can be confirmed through inference of our seemingly orderly universe. An analogy to attempt to solidify and prove this stance is often used by empirical theism by stating that similar machines invented by man are likewise often very complex and it therefore naturally follows that because man made machines are complex and have a designer then it is safe to conclude that because the universe is also complex it, too, has a designer. Empirical theism claims there is a designer and creator responsible for our environment and that the existence of God can be confirmed by reason through inference. These premises form the major points of the Argument from Design Hume relays in the text through his character Cleanthes position. Philo offers rebuttal arguments, one of which claims that the analogy of the orderly universe and machines is a weak one and it follows that any reasoning done based on the analogy will also be weak (Spark Notes, Par 4). For this analogy to be successfully used, the machine that is described must not be a part of the universe but exist outside of the universe. Both the universe and the machine must be mutually exclusive of each other and not one a part of the other for the analogy to work. The question lies in whether all things are created by a supreme creator. A machine is part of the universe and it is being suggested by Cleanthes that the universe was created by God. Granted a machine may have been created by a man but the man may or may not have been created by a supreme creator. The machine must exist independently and outside the boundaries of the universe to be a plausible analogy as to whether or not it was created by a supreme designer or not. Because of this fact, reason cannot be used to conclude with this analogy that inference will reveal absolute knowledge of Gods existence resulting in the Argument from Design being faulty. Along with this argument Philo makes against Cleanthes Argument from Design is that all order that we can witness is not necessarily the result of intelligent design and cannot be confirmed by inference or our senses. Philo states that some order, such as that found in organic bodies, is caused by generation and vegetation (Spark Notes, par 5). It is this argument that supports that the Argument from Design is incorrect. Exploring Philos argument, some apparent order as found among species and vegetation may be the result of the correct conditions to exist wherein the order has come about by the laws of the universe that dictate the processes. The Big Bang theory is one example of this. Evolution is another. Conditions existed naturally to bring about the chaotic explosion toward the formation of the solar system governed by the laws of the universe that exist. Earth conditions made it suitable for life to evolve. Science has long accepted the theory of evolution and the Big Bang theory and support is growing as science advances in support of these theories. These scientific theories lend support to Philos argument that order found among organic bodies is due to processes that naturally occur and not by any intentions of a designer. Cleanthes claims that inferences made when witnessing the universe and the Earth upon which we live and the processes that govern our existence such as the laws of nature and the universe confirm the existence of God. We can assume that the order we perceive is the result of a divine creator, but that inference is nothing more than a hunch and is not, therefore, absolute assuredness. It is what is known as an educated guess. Educated guesses are guesses based on inference. Sometimes they are correct. Other times they are not. Regardless, educated guesses are not absolute knowledge of something, and in this case it is not absolute knowledge of the existence of God and the Argument from Design fails. Philos argument that these natural processes that exist on our planet and throughout the universe do not lend absolute knowledge of a divine creator is correct. The key words are absolute knowledge. While there may have been a creator behind the processes of formation of the universe or the laws that govern the apparent orderliness of it, it is not absolute assuredness that that is so through inference alone and that is what the Argument of Design purports to claimThat absolute knowledge of Gods existence can be inferred. Thirdly, with regards to Philos argument that many processes are the result of generation and vegetation one can also question whether the earth, solar system, or universe is, in fact, a state of orderliness. It may be a mistake to assume that we live in an orderly universe or on a planet of order. It is possible that our solar system and planet are in a state of disorderliness and chaos. Because we exist and can survive in our environment, we assume that this is orderly. Humanity lives in a bubble or aquarium, the planet earth. Some order caused by generation and vegetation may very likely be the result of the correct conditions spontaneously being present for life to survive; however, we are susceptible to chaotic activity, the natural movements of the tectonic plates of the earth causing earthquakes, Tsunamis and tornadoes, outside influences in our solar system and the universe such as asteroids and comets, disorderly, random, chaotic events that threaten our own existence. Just because life exists and can survive on this planet does not constitute a state of order. For Cleanthes to be able to infer from orderliness that a divine creator was the cause of the order, one must first of all determine whether or not the universe, solar system, and our plant, in fact, are in a state of order. If these things are in a state of chaos and disorder, then no inference as to design can be made nor can the existence of a designer be inferred correctly or confirmed with absolute knowledge. Finally, in support of Philos argument against the Argument from Design, it is impossible to logically conclude by inference that a supreme creator is behind the creation of our universe or planet and this is evidenced by the general religious popular belief that God is mysterious. As defined by Dictionary. com, the word mysterious carries the meaning of Of obscure nature, meaning, origin, etc. , puzzling, inexplicable (Dictionary. com, par 3). To be mysterious is to not fully be knowable. If God works in mysterious ways as is commonly claimed, then the very nature of God and what he has or has not created is just that, mysterious and not fully knowable as defined. This also lends support to Philos argument that the Argument from Design fails. The argument of whether God exists or not is a long debated argument spanning the centuries. Philos argument that the analogy used by Cleanthes comparing a machine and the universe is weak lends support to the fact that inference is not absolute knowledge of a divine creator. The reason for this is that a machine is part of the universe or whole. For this analogy to work, they must be mutually exclusive. Secondly, Philo points out that some natural processes are the results of generation and vegetation, natural processes that are independent of any creator but happen naturally. If such phenomena occur spontaneously without intervention or creator, then it is possible the universe came about in a similar fashion. Thirdly, in order to be able to infer with absolute knowledge of a divine creator based on observation of an orderly environment, we must determine whether, in fact, the environment in which we live is in a state of orderliness or if we are part of a chaotic universe. If we are not part of an orderly universe but it, in fact, is chaotic and disorderly, then the question of whether a divine creator is involved is a moot point. Finally, popular religious belief agrees that the very nature of God is one of a mysterious nature. If God is mysterious, by definition he is unknowable and not fully comprehensible and the Argument from Design fails. Works Cited Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion 2006. Spark Notes, LLC. Retrieved on April 11, 2007. http://www. sparknotes. com/philosophy/dialogues/summary. html Hume, David. Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. 2006. David Banach. Retrieved on April 11, 2007. http://www. anselm. edu/homepage/dbanach/dnr. htm Mysterious. 2007. Lexico Publishing Group, LLC. Retrieved on April 11, 2007. http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/mysterious Teological Argument. 2007. Wikipedia Foundation, Inc. Retrieved on April 11, 2007 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Teleological_argument

The Guidance Counselor Essay -- essays papers

The Guidance Counselor INTRODUCTION According to the U. S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Outlook Handbook, Counselors are defined as persons who â€Å"assist people with personal, family, educational, mental health and career decisions and problems. Their duties depend on the individuals they serve and the settings in which they work† (169). Examples include Mental health counselors who help people cope with daily life issues such as marital, family, stress management, or addiction problems. These counselors primarily work in private office settings. Rehabilitation counselors help people deal with different aspects of their physical disabilities, these counselors generally work in medical facilities. Employment counselors assist individuals in making wise career choices and most of these counselors work in community agencies. Thus counseling is a diverse field that encompasses an array of situations and settings. This report will center on High School Guidance Counselors. The primary focus will be to discuss the educational requirements necessary to apply for jobs in the field, the needed skills and abilities desired from employers, and the main duties of the job. EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS Requirements vary by state for specific types of degrees and or licenses and certifications that must be held by guidance counselors. Missouri Law requires that all High School Guidance Counselors have secondary counselor certification. Criteria for certification is listed below and was obtained from the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. Individuals desiring to become guidance counselors must understand that acquiring certification requires an enormous amount of time, dedication, and education. Initial Certification The professional certificate is valid for five years from the effective date on the certificate and is issued to persons meeting the following criteria:  · A valid Missouri teaching certificate  · A minimum of two years classroom teaching experience  · A minimum of one year experience working in a field other than teaching or counseling  · Completion of a course in Education and/or Psychology of the exceptional child worth two or more semester hours  · Completion of a master’s degree with a major in guidance and counseling from a college or university meeting approval of the Missouri Department of Elementa... ...ctices. Bibliography: Works Cited â€Å"Certification Requirements for Secondary Counselor (Grades 9-12)†. Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. March 06, 1998 . (November 02, 1998). Chiles, Donna. School Guidance and Counseling. Pupil Personnel Services Recommended Practices and Procedures Manual. Springfield: Illinois State Board of Education, 1983. Ellis, Thomas I. The Missouri Comprehensive Guidance Model. Ann Arbor: ERIC Clearinghouse, 1990. Feller, Richard, & Daly, J. Counselor Role and Educational Change: Planning, Integration, and Basic Skills: Book 5 - Comprehensive School Counseling and Guidance Programs. Fort Collins: Colorado State University, 1992. King, Gloria. Personnel Director, St. Louis Public Schools. Telephone Interview. 27 October 1998. Thomas, Preston. Director of Student Services, Cardinal Ritter College Prepatory High School. Personal Interview. 4 November 1998. Thompson, Rosemary. School Counseling Renewal: Strategies for the Twenty-first Century. Muncie: Accelerated Development Inc., 1992. U. S. Department of Labor. Occupational Outlook Handbook, 1998-99 Edition. Indianapolis: JIST Works, Inc., 1998.

COM/537 Final Examination Study Guide Essay

This study guide will prepare you for the Final Examination you will complete in Week Six. It contains practice questions, which are related to each week’s objectives. In addition, refer to each week’s readings and your student guide as study references for the Final Examination. Week One: Communication Styles Objective: Differentiate between styles of communication. 1.Communicating in a direct but detailed style and politely speaking up if you feel demands are unreasonable is a good approach when dealing with what communication style? a.0 Sympathetics b.0 Argumentatives c.0 Directs d.0 Systematics 2.What is an effective form of communication process using everyone in the organization as sources and channels for delivering messages? a.0 Official messages b.0 Gossip c.0 Newsletter d.0 Press release Objective: Explain the business communication process. 3.The sending of a message from a source to a receiver is a.0 transmission b.0 modeling c.0 role-playing d.0 communication 4.You want to ask your father to borrow his automobile. You begin the conversation by telling him that you made an A on the test in economics today. This is an example of a.0 intrapersonal communication b.0 contextualizing c.0 narrowcasting d.0 framing Week Two: Audience Analysis Objective: Identify internal and external stakeholders for persuasive communications. 5.Which statement is inaccurate about Thomas Friedman’s â€Å"the world is flat† concept? a.0 Globalization has leveled the playing field for emerging markets. b.0 Small companies and entrepreneurs have new business opportunities. c.0 Global needs take precedence over local needs. d.0 Technology is a key factor in globalization. 6.The leadership communication style that combines the positive characteristics of multiple approaches that may change depending on the situation to build effective relationship is called what? a.0 Dance approach b.0 Somersault approach c.0 Arrow approach d.0 Circuit approach Objective: Differentiate between types of audiences. 7.Which of the following is an example of â€Å"thinking globally but acting locally†? a.0 An organization sends employees from the home country to work in an international division to better understand the needs of that location. b.0 An international company trains local individuals to manage one of its overseas divisions. c.0 An organization sends its employers to language training classes. d.0 An organization creates a special team to manage differences between divisions. 8.Ethical approaches to leadership styles of communication include the teleological approach, which states that a.0 actions need to be measured first on short-term effects and then on the long-term outcomes b.0 actions should be judged by whether they are morally right or wrong c.0 actions should be evaluated by their long-term consequences d.0 local values should determine corporate action Objective: Analyze audience perceptions and needs. 9.On the back of the Bravo laundry detergent package, the manufacturer has published a list of cancer warning signs. Which level of persuasion does this message illustrate? a.0 raising awareness b.0 increasing knowledge c.0 ensuring acceptance d.0 changing attitude 10. On your call-back interview, you ask to see the area where you will be working if you are asked to join the company. This is an example of a.0 determining the corporate power structure b.0 making initial contact with your colleagues c.0 assessing the company’s commitment to its vision statement d.0 reading institutional culture Week Three: Developing the Communication Strategy Objective: Determine communication strategy based on corporate culture, values, and ethics of organizations. 11.Your boss always seems to make the right decisions in tough situations. When a major crisis occurs, you know he or she will guide the company in the right direction. This is called a.0 obtuse trust b.0 ethical trust c.0 motivated trust d.0 practical trust 12.Customer relationship management uses information and feedback to a.0 achieve customer satisfaction and loyalty b.0 enhance promotional programs c.0 build word-of-mouth networks d.0 facilitate mass customization Objective: Select appropriate communication channels. 13.A new organic food store has decided to add another brand of apples to its existing inventory. Three major contenders are under consideration. The store decides to hold a food-tasting event for its customers to sample the various brands and to provide feedback on which apples they like best and why. This is an example of a.0 quantitative research b.0 determination research c.0 soft measurement research d.0 hard measurement research 14.The language that put ideas and materials in the hands of the masses was a.0 printed b.0 electronic c.0 spoken d.0 mediated Week Four: Internal and External Persuasive Communications Objective: Create internal and external persuasive communications. 15.Rate of speaking, silence and pausing, and volume and pitch are all elements of a.0 paralanguage b.0 vocalization c.0 accent d.0 semantics 16.Which is a suggestion for effective strategic planning? a.0 Small companies should conserve resources and concentrate on achieving short-term goals. b.0 Engaging a staff employee in the strategic planning process can help facilitate workers to buy in to the plan. c.0 Strategic planning should be a top–down process. d.0 Nonprofits should not rely on outside consultants in the strategic planning process because these types of consultants seldom know enough about the agency’s specific business or audience. Objective: Use research to support persuasive business communications. 17.According to Gallo (2009), what is the best way to gain instant credibility? a.0 Use jargon and buzzwords. b.0 Be transparent and humble. c.0 Make lofty promises. d.0 Exceed designated presentation time. 18.What tool can researchers use to identify contact relationships between users? a.0 Flowchart b.0 Physical symbol systems c.0 Transactional communications model d.0 Sociogram 19.What specifically spell(s) out how the organization will achieve goals through the use of specific tactics? a.0 Mission statements b.0 Qualitative tools c.0 Quantitative tools d.0 Objectives Objective: Evaluate messages for noise. 20.Any physical, semantic, or contextual action that detracts from or distorts the receipt of a message is called a.0 issues b.0 noise c.0 the environment d.0 cognitive dissonance 21.Which of the following statements is true? a.0 Semantics is the study of the meaning of words, phrases, and texts. b.0 Semantics is the study of dictionary definitions. c.0 Semantics is the study of effect of the arrangement of words in a sentence. d.0 Semantics is the study of how words affect decision-making processes. 22.Pausing in the process of communicating a message a.0 should be avoided because it makes the receiver question the sender’s motives b.0 should be used by the sender as a means of emphasizing the importance of one’s message c.0 should be avoided because it often acts as a form of noise and thus impedes the receiver from understanding the context of the message d.0 should be used because it allows the listener time to internalize the message and make it his or her own Week Five: Evaluating Consultant Communications Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of consultant communications. 23.According to Smith (2010), what prevents more employers from using social media? a.0 Technology issues b.0 Lack of understanding c.0 Negative comments by employees d.0 Legal concerns 24.Sarbanes-Oxley holds whom responsible for effective and efficient financial communication? a.0 Managers b.0 Accountants c.0 Consultants d.0 Customers Week Six: The Persuasive Communication Plan Objective: Design persuasive communications. 25.What theory focuses on the contexts that promote or hinder the internalization of motivation and the integration of behavior? a.0 Pseudo listener b.0 Selective perception c.0 Cognitive dissonance d.0 Self-determination 26.Before they act, people are more sensitive to messages that will help them gather and interpret information and determine whether there is a problem during what phase? a.0 Selective perception b.0 Vocalization c.0 Diversification d.0 Detection 27.What is the final stage of the process of behavior change? a.0 Implementation b.0 Decision c.0 Detection d.0 Framing Objective: Present data to various stakeholders using appropriate channels. 28.What are three components of persuasive messages that should be considered when presenting data? a.0 Message, channel, and the context b.0 Sender, receiver, and feedback c.0 Need, cost, and outcomes d.0 Benefits, appeals, and details 29.You are attending a conference where a consultant talks about the problems in IT call centers. As you listen to his problem-solution report and research data, you begin to understand why calls to your customer complaint center are not being processed in a timely manner. You are engaging in: a.0 precision listening b.0 selective perception c.0 cognitive dissonance d.0 extemporaneous thinking 30.Following the presentation of data, the decision maker goes through the information processing states, such as com/537 Final Examination Study Guide This study guide will prepare you for the Final Examination you will complete in Week Six. It contains practice questions, which are related to each week’s objectives. In addition, refer to each week’s readings and your student guide as study references for the Final Examination. Week One: Communication Styles Objective: Differentiate between styles of communication. 1.Communicating in a direct but detailed style and politely speaking up if you feel demands are unreasonable is a good approach when dealing with what communication style? a.0 Sympathetics b.0 Argumentatives c.0 Directs d.0 Systematics 2.What is an effective form of communication process using everyone in the organization as sources and channels for delivering messages? a.0 Official messages b.0 Gossip c.0 Newsletter d.0 Press release Objective: Explain the business communication process. 3.The sending of a message from a source to a receiver is a.0 transmission b.0 modeling c.0 role-playing d.0 communication 4.You want to ask your father to borrow his automobile. You begin the conversation by telling him that you made an A on the test in economics today. This is an example of a.0 intrapersonal communication b.0 contextualizing c.0 narrowcasting d.0 framing Week Two: Audience Analysis Objective: Identify internal and external stakeholders for persuasive communications. 5.Which statement is inaccurate about Thomas Friedman’s â€Å"the world is flat† concept? a.0 Globalization has leveled the playing field for emerging markets. b.0 Small companies and entrepreneurs have new business opportunities. c.0 Global needs take precedence over local needs. d.0 Technology is a key factor in globalization. 6.The leadership communication style that combines the positive characteristics of multiple approaches that may change depending on the situation to build effective relationship is called what? a.0 Dance approach b.0 Somersault approach c.0 Arrow approach d.0 Circuit approach Objective: Differentiate between types of audiences. 7.Which of the following is an example of â€Å"thinking globally but acting locally†? a.0 An organization sends employees from the home country to work in an international division to better understand the needs of that location. b.0 An international company trains local individuals to manage one of its overseas divisions. c.0 An organization sends its employers to language training classes. d.0 An organization creates a special team to manage differences between divisions. 8.Ethical approaches to leadership styles of communication include the teleological approach, which states that a.0 actions need to be measured first on short-term effects and then on the long-term outcomes b.0 actions should be judged by whether they are morally right or wrong c.0 actions should be evaluated by their long-term consequences d.0 local values should determine corporate action Objective: Analyze audience perceptions and needs. 9.On the back of the Bravo laundry detergent package, the manufacturer has published a list of cancer warning signs. Which level of persuasion does this message illustrate? a.0 raising awareness b.0 increasing knowledge c.0 ensuring acceptance d.0 changing attitude 10. On your call-back interview, you ask to see the area where you will be working if you are asked to join the company. This is an example of a.0 determining the corporate power structure b.0 making initial contact with your colleagues c.0 assessing the company’s commitment to its vision statement d.0 reading institutional culture Week Three: Developing the Communication Strategy Objective: Determine communication strategy based on corporate culture, values, and ethics of organizations. 11.Your boss always seems to make the right decisions in tough situations. When a major crisis occurs, you know he or she will guide the company in the right direction. This is called a.0 obtuse trust b.0 ethical trust c.0 motivated trust d.0 practical trust 12.Customer relationship management uses information and feedback to a.0 achieve customer satisfaction and loyalty b.0 enhance promotional programs c.0 build word-of-mouth networks d.0 facilitate mass customization Objective: Select appropriate communication channels. 13.A new organic food store has decided to add another brand of apples to its existing inventory. Three major contenders are under consideration. The store decides to hold a food-tasting event for its customers to sample the various brands and to provide feedback on which apples they like best and why. This is an example of a.0 quantitative research b.0 determination research c.0 soft measurement research d.0 hard measurement research 14.The language that put ideas and materials in the hands of the masses was a.0 printed b.0 electronic c.0 spoken d.0 mediated Week Four: Internal and External Persuasive Communications Objective: Create internal and external persuasive communications. 15.Rate of speaking, silence and pausing, and volume and pitch are all elements of a.0 paralanguage b.0 vocalization c.0 accent d.0 semantics 16.Which is a suggestion for effective strategic planning? a.0 Small companies should conserve resources and concentrate on achieving short-term goals. b.0 Engaging a staff employee in the strategic planning process can help facilitate workers to buy in to the plan. c.0 Strategic planning should be a top–down process. d.0 Nonprofits should not rely on outside consultants in the strategic planning process because these types of consultants seldom know enough about the agency’s specific business or audience. Objective: Use research to support persuasive business communications. 17.According to Gallo (2009), what is the best way to gain instant credibility? a.0 Use jargon and buzzwords. b.0 Be transparent and humble. c.0 Make lofty promises. d.0 Exceed designated presentation time. 18.What tool can researchers use to identify contact relationships between users? a.0 Flowchart b.0 Physical symbol systems c.0 Transactional communications model d.0 Sociogram 19.What specifically spell(s) out how the organization will achieve goals through the use of specific tactics? a.0 Mission statements b.0 Qualitative tools c.0 Quantitative tools d.0 Objectives Objective: Evaluate messages for noise. 20.Any physical, semantic, or contextual action that detracts from or distorts the receipt of a message is called a.0 issues b.0 noise c.0 the environment d.0 cognitive dissonance 21.Which of the following statements is true? a.0 Semantics is the study of the meaning of words, phrases, and texts. b.0 Semantics is the study of dictionary definitions. c.0 Semantics is the study of effect of the arrangement of words in a sentence. d.0 Semantics is the study of how words affect decision-making processes. 22.Pausing in the process of communicating a message a.0 should be avoided because it makes the receiver question the sender’s motives b.0 should be used by the sender as a means of emphasizing the importance of one’s message c.0 should be avoided because it often acts as a form of noise and thus impedes the receiver from understanding the context of the message d.0 should be used because it allows the listener time to internalize the message and make it his or her own Week Five: Evaluating Consultant Communications Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of consultant communications. 23.According to Smith (2010), what prevents more employers from using social media? a.0 Technology issues b.0 Lack of understanding c.0 Negative comments by employees d.0 Legal concerns 24.Sarbanes-Oxley holds whom responsible for effective and efficient financial communication? a.0 Managers b.0 Accountants c.0 Consultants d.0 Customers Week Six: The Persuasive Communication Plan Objective: Design persuasive communications. 25.What theory focuses on the contexts that promote or hinder the internalization of motivation and the integration of behavior? a.0 Pseudo listener b.0 Selective perception c.0 Cognitive dissonance d.0 Self-determination 26.Before they act, people are more sensitive to messages that will help them gather and interpret information and determine whether there is a problem during what phase? a.0 Selective perception b.0 Vocalization c.0 Diversification d.0 Detection 27.What is the final stage of the process of behavior change? a.0 Implementation b.0 Decision c.0 Detection d.0 Framing Objective: Present data to various stakeholders using appropriate channels. 28.What are three components of persuasive messages that should be considered when presenting data? a.0 Message, channel, and the context b.0 Sender, receiver, and feedback c.0 Need, cost, and outcomes d.0 Benefits, appeals, and details 29.You are attending a conference where a consultant talks about the problems in IT call centers. As you listen to his problem-solution report and research data, you begin to understand why calls to your customer complaint center are not being processed in a timely manner. You are engaging in: a.0 precision listening b.0 selective perception c.0 cognitive dissonance d.0 extemporaneous thinking 30.Following the presentation of data, the decision maker goes through the information processing states, such as comprehension and acceptance of the message, leading to what? a.0 Feedback b.0 Suggested revisions c.0 Terminal action d.0 Vocalization prehension and acceptance of the message, leading to what? a.0 Feedback b.0 Suggested revisions c.0 Terminal action d.0 Vocalization

Why Should Students Learn Evolution - 912 Words

In the article â€Å"Why should students learn evolution† by Brian J. Alters and Sandra M. Alters, I learned that evolution not only unifies all the areas of science but also permeates into other disciplines such as philosophy, psychology, literature, and the arts. It has had an extensive and expensive impact on human thought. â€Å"Evolution explains the why of nature and has practical considerations that affects day-to-day life†( Brain J, 36). For example, we need evolution to understand bacterial resistance to antibiotics. According to the article Brian J mentioned that â€Å"during the course of evolution, traits that no longer confer a reproductive advantage do not disappear in the population unless they are reproductively disadvantageous† (37). This is because favorable traits are inherited and passed on to the next generation. Also individual who possess favorable radiations or traits have an advantage over those that don’t. Connecting back to what we talked about in class, Jean-Baptiste lamarck first attempt to explain the evolutionary process. He suggested if a dynamic relationship between species and the environment changes then an animal would also change. In the Article â€Å"The Fact of Evolution† by Michael Hermer it is a scientific theory only, and it has in recent years been challenged in the world of science--that is, not believed in the scientific community to be as infallible as it once was. Well evolution is a theory. It is also a fact. The article relate to theShow MoreRelatedCreationism Isnt Science but Belongs in Schools Essay849 Words   |  4 Pagesone of these and countless other theories should and should not be taught. The debate has centered itself between creationists, those that believe in a mythological theory, and Secular humanists, those who believe in a theory known as evolution. 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Currently, evolutionary naturalism is the most widely taught view of origins in America. In schools in the modern day, only evolutionism is taught and condoned. But before the 1920s, only creationism was taught, and evolution was forbidden. Then, on February 20, 2008, the Florida State Board of Education voted to revise the public school guidelinesRead MoreScience Teachers and Professors Should Not Teach Creationism 1231 Words   |  5 Pagesquestion, which remains unsolved, is the following: what should public schools teach to their students? The answer to this query is extraordinarily obvious and uncomplicated: although it is true that as former President George Bush once said â€Å"Both sides ought to be properly taught so people can understand what the debate is about,† it is up to the school to teach evolution, while families or other educators should inform their children and students about creationism or any other type of creation mythRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution957 Words   |  4 Pageswanted to actually learn how that could be possible. It all started with the theory of evolution. To understand why the teaching of evolution in school is important, it’s important to understand what it is, how it works, and how we benefit from its evolutionary history. Evolution is the steady development of different kinds of living organisms that have diversified from earlier forms throughout the generations. Without evolution, biology wouldn’t make sense because evolution is its key principleRead More Creationism and Public Schools Essay example960 Words   |  4 Pages Creationism and Public Schools nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The issue of whether creationism should be taught in public schools, rather than evolution, is a new one. It has only been in the past fifty years that it has even been in debate. Public school science classes, when discussing the origins of life on Earth, coincided with Sunday school classes. Students learned that the Earth, universe and everything else was created in seven days, by God, as stated in the Old Testament. It was notRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution Or Intelligent Design1677 Words   |  7 Pagesseem to be shrouded in mystery, but in modern America two main theories have come to dominate as the explanation; either the theory of evolution or Intelligent Design. The theory of evolution was first published by Charles Darwin, a famous figure who is just as controversial in modern society as he was in his own time. He introduced the public to the theory of evolution in his book On the Origin of Species, where he proposed that new species evolve from older ones through Natural Selection, or the process